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The Urantia Book and Religious Studies
Prepared by The Reverend Meredith J. Sprunger
Grace Evangelical and Reformed Church
215 N. Slate St., Culver, Indiana
(Paper presented at the American Academy of Religion meeting at Anaheim 2/25/85)
Rarely does one find a book on theology or religion which one feels has the
potential of changing the conceptual patterns of our culture. Some twenty-nine
years ago I was a member of a small group of United Church of Christ ministers
who discovered The Urantia Book published by Urantia Foundation, 533
Diversey Parkway, Chicago, IL 60614 in 1955. We found it a remarkably effective
book in stimulating creative thinking in philosophy, religion, and culture.
The general consensus among the thousands of people who have read the book is
that it will receive universal recognition. It has extremely broad
ramifications, shedding wisdom in almost every area of human endeavor.
This challenging book is not only a fascinating source document for personal
spiritual growth and development, it may well become one of the most
important sources of information leading to the revitalization of the Christian
Church and the restructuring of theology since the Reformation. The growing
number of ministers and other religious leaders now discovering the book are
surprised that a publication of this spiritual quality and far-reaching
potential
could have remained virtually hidden for over thirty years. A partial answer to
this anomaly is found in the fact that those responsible for the publication of
the book have initiated no promotional programs. They believe the low key
evolutionary process of person to person communication is the wise method of
acquainting people with the book. In addition, there are three major factors
which have discouraged clergy and other religious leaders from a serious reading
of the book:
- It comes from a source which is not known and trusted by religious and
theological groups.
- It is a large book (2097 pages) and some sections are not easy to comprehend.
- It claims to be new revelation and, therefore, understandably causes
suspicion, if not fear or hostility.
Hopefully, we have left those days of cultural naiveté when claim or authority
have any meaning as a criterion of truth. Revelatory authenticity, therefore, is
a secondary consideration. The primary challenge posed by The Urantia Book is
pragmatic. Does it have something creative and constructive to contribute to
our modern philosophical-religious outlook? Evaluated on the basis of spiritual
insight, philosophical coherence, and reality-centeredness, it presents, in the
judgment of thousands of people who have critically examined it, one of the
finest world views of religion available to contemporary society.
After a quarter of a century of experience in introducing thousands of
philosophy students and ministers to The Urantia Book I have found the two major
obstacles to getting people to read the book are its size and initial erroneous
impressions of “esoteric” or “gnostic” connotations. For those who get past
these psychological barriers and read the book, almost all are impressed with
its comprehensive grasp of planetary phenomena and most believe it has a
substantive contribution to make to religious studies.
A New Vision of Reality
In its two-thousand pages The Urantia Book presents an integrated picture of the
universe that relates science, philosophy, and religion in a synergistic
holism. It presents an integrated and masterful view of Ultimate Reality.
Concepts of Deity ranging from that of a personal Universal Father to impersonal
Absolutes are so well unified the holistic picture is maintained. The nature and
attributes of God are discussed as they relate to the universe and to the
individual. The Trinity is conceptualized with greater intellectual and
spiritual clarity than any other description in theological literature. The
material and gravitational center of the universe, the Isle of Paradise, is referred to as
the place of origin of all forms of reality—spiritual, mindal, and material
energy,
life, and personality. A marvelously organized hierarchical universe is
described that includes millions of inhabited planets in all stages of physical,
mental,
and spiritual evolution. Mechanistic and vitalistic interpretations of natural
phenomena are integrated. Science, philosophy, and religion are seen as partial
aspects of a larger unified universe picture.
The Urantia Book presents one of the most realistic and inclusive material-mindal-spiritual
cosmologies in the entire fields of philosophy and religion. It
portrays an eminently reasonable picture of the conditions and nature of
immortality. Survival is seen as dependent on the spiritual reality status of
the individual. This, in turn, is determined by the free will decisions of the
individual toward God, by our loyalty to truth, beauty, and goodness as these
values are sincerely understood. Nevertheless, evil, sin, and judgment are stern and
sober realities in the universe. Its intriguing picture of life after death, its
eschatology, is not only appealing to rational intelligence but has a ring of
authentic spiritual reality. The interrelationships of body, mind, soul, and
spirit are treated with much insight and originality. The central challenge to human
beings is to make a well-balanced and sane effort to achieve God-consciousness.
Growth toward perfection of purpose and the spiritual nature of being is
presented as the basic motivation of life. This growth is
evolutionary, culminating, and virtually endless.
The book describes the origin and evolution of events on our planet. In addition
to physical development of the planet including plant, animal, and human
biological evolution, it traces the development of civilization, culture,
government, religion, the family, and other social institutions. The authors
exhibit a superior understanding of planetary history, dynamics, and destiny. The section
discussing marriage and the family has a rich and realistic historical
appreciation of the relationships of men and women and a balanced assessment of
the contributions of both nature and nurture in shaping human life. Papers
dealing with the nature and function of religion, the purpose and practice of
prayer and worship, and the place of personal and institutional religion in life
and society are among the best discussions of these subjects in print. Chapters
that describe the loving nurture of the indwelling Spirit of God in the human
mind are of exceptional quality and parallel the world’s finest insights from a
first hand experience of God found in devotional literature.
The fourth section of The Urantia Book contains a seven hundred page version of
the life and teachings of Jesus which is solidly rooted in the historical New
Testament story. This superb presentation of the life of Jesus brings life to
the sketchy New Testament picture and with it a new authenticity. It has a
universal appeal even when it is viewed only as a historical novel for it is
unsurpassed in theistic philosophical reasonableness, spiritual insight, and
personality appeal. This life of Jesus not only fills in the “hidden years” from
twelve to thirty but The Urantia Book gives a picture of his pre-incarnation and
post-incarnation experience. It is basically acceptable to all religions,
emphasizing the religion of Jesus which is unifying rather than the religion
about Jesus that tends to be divisive.
The Question of Origin
Probably the most difficult question to answer about The Urantia Book is “Who
wrote it?” It claims to be written by numerous supermortal beings as a
special revelation to humankind living on this world, “Urantia.” It purports to
be the first major or epochal revelation since the coming of Christ to our
planet. Such a claim certainly raises doubts in the minds of rational and
responsible people. Almost every generation produces a number of people who pose
as the bearers of new revelation. What is unique about The Urantia Book is that
it has almost nothing in common with radical or fanatical movements. It
does not advocate a new religion but seeks to undergird the best in all
religions. Its viewpoint builds upon the best of the religious heritage of the
past and present; yet it is fresh, expansive, and profound. The superior quality of the
philosophical-religious insights of The Urantia Book is clear to anyone of
discriminating mind who reads it.
Obviously, one should read The Urantia Book critically and judge it by its
content, not by any claim of authorship. Only after a thorough reading of the
book
and careful evaluation of its message is one in a position to speculate about
authorship. One is impressed with the authenticity of its teachings. Its message
is
balanced and profound. Its approach is open and benign. There are no threats or
coercions to “believe.” It seeks to work in and through the evolutionary
process and within the social institutions of our world.
The Urantia Foundation who publishes the book and the Fellowship of readers of
The Urantia Book which is the fraternal organization engaged in
disseminating the teachings of The Urantia Book are not interested in starting a
new religion, organizing a church, or promoting any kind of religious
organization. They are primarily interested in the spiritual stimulation and
growth of people of all faiths and religions.
Relation to Contemporary Theology
The Urantia Book builds upon and enhances the concerns of contemporary theology.
It affirms the insights of existential-secularization theologies in
presenting a holistic picture of Reality, free from the “two-story” dualism of
classical Christianity. God is in the midst of life and the “ground of being” as
well as a transcendent Reality. Experience-based thinking is substituted for
authoritarianism and dogmatism.
The book reinforces and amplifies the evolutionary foundations of the process
theologies. In its concepts of the Absolutes and the Supreme it parallels the
Whiteheadian views of the “primordial nature of God” and the “consequent nature
of God.” Although The Urantia Book accepts the factual realities of the
diversity of gender, race, and economic systems, it stresses the importance of
equality of opportunity, dignity, freedom, and justice emphasized by the
liberation theologies.
Even while solidly rooted in the ontological and evolutionary realities of the
past, The Urantia Book is methodologically oriented toward the future as are
the contemporary theologies of hope. It contains the most elaborate and
intriguing picture of eschatology in religious literature that is both
horizontal and vertical in nature. The illusions of secularism, reductionism, and naive
utopianism are challenged with a breath-taking view of the future based on the
hard realities of spirit conditioned evolutionary development.
The authors of The Urantia Book emphasize the importance of reversion
activities, play, humor, relaxation, and creative artistic expression which are
frames
of reference held in common with the contemporary theologies of play and story.
The narrative quality of the life and teachings of Jesus and the interesting
accounts of the heroes of the past found in The Urantia Book are among the most
inspiring stories in religious literature.
Some contemporary theologies, however, will be disturbed by The Urantia Book
because it goes beyond the horizontal dimensions of reality and the
linguistic analysis of meaning. Even though it affirms their concern for the
horizontal aspects of life, it reemphasizes and tremendously expands and
enhances the classical metaphysical conception of Reality. It integrates a
hierarchical and transcendent conception of Deity and Reality with an indigenous
and creative immanence in a new and inclusive holistic picture. The dynamics of
this cosmic drama come close to Teilhard de Chardin’s visualization of
Cosmogenesis and Christogenesis meeting in God where the two trajectories of
time and eternity blend into one all encompassing Unity-Reality.
The new pluralism of belief-systems and life-styles is a permanent condition of
our world. The attempt by religious and political fundamentalists to draw
within their own comfortable belief beds and pull the covers over their heads
pretending the rest of the world does not exist, or exists only as an aberration
is no longer tenable. The new polysymbolic religiosity of our day is, I believe,
the evolutionary foundation upon which a new and higher vision of reality will
be built.
The Urantia Book, in my judgment, has the potential of cleansing the windows of
perception that we may catch a vision of the wonder of ourselves and the
universe in a new and expanded visualization of reality. Its message will bring
what Joseph Campbell calls a “remythologization of consciousness” freed
from the reductionism, dichotomies, and static symbols of the past. This fresh,
epochal mythology, this new organizing metaphor of reality, will retain the
wisdom of the past, make meaningful the challenge of the present, and give
humankind a vision of the future that will inspire and energize their minds and
souls. Once again we will have generations, prophetically visualized by Roger
Shinn, who have metaphysical confidence, comprehensive vision, and living<
faith.
Potential for Stimulating Creative Studies in Religion
The basic question which The Urantia Book poses for those interested in
promoting scholarship in religious studies is, what is its potential for
stimulating
creative thinking in theology and religion? I have been contemplating this
question for more than twenty-five years and I consistently come to the
conclusion that The Urantia Book has the greatest potential for stimulating new
vitality in religious studies of any religious book or event in recent times. I
am confident that scholars in religion will gradually discover what a rich mine
of religious research it contains. It has already been the source of one
doctoral thesis. Dr. Jacques Rheaume at the University of Ottawa entitled his study “An
Analysis of a Revealed Text: The Urantia Book “ (Analyse d’un Texte revele:
The Urantia Book ) which was completed in August of 1983. This is the first of
what I predict will be a long line of masters and doctoral dissertations based
on The Urantia Book. Some of the possible topics probed by these studies are
suggested below:
- “A Hypothesis Concerning the Authorship of The Urantia Book Based on an
Empirical Examination of Its Content”
- “Biblical, Scientific, Historical, and Logical Errors or Discrepancies in The
Urantia Book Based on Contemporary Scholarship”
- “Deity Concepts in World Religions Found in The Urantia Book”
- “Similarities and Differences of Urantia Book and Traditional Christian Trinity
Concepts”
- “The Urantia Book Description of the Supreme Being Compared with Whitehead’s
Concept of the Consequent Nature of God”
- “Urantia Book Spiritual Cosmology Contrasted with Christian Eschatology”
- “The Nature of Religion Described in The Urantia Book Compared with Contemporary
Theological Views”
- “The Concept of the Thought Adjuster Contrasted with Contemporary Views of the
Superconscious and Transpersonal Psychology”
- “The Religion of Jesus Contrasted with the Religion about Jesus”
- “The Urantia Book View of Jesus’ Concept of Man Contrasted with the Pauline
Understanding of Human Nature”
- “The Doctrine of Salvation: Urantia Book and Mainline Christian Theology
Compared”
- “The Urantia Book View of Christianity and the Gospel Compared with that of
Adolf von Harnack”
These are only a few of dozens of topics which are inspired by the stimulating
and innovative material found in The Urantia Book. When scholars of
religion finally discover the rich mine of religious material in The Urantia
Book the creative parameters of research will be greatly expanded. Kenneth
Boulding in The Meaning of the Twentieth Century, Alvin Toffler in The Third
Wave, John Naisbitt in Megatrends, Fritjof Capara in The Turning Point, and
many other prophetic voices have pointed out that we are entering a major
transitional change in he history of humankind. We desperately need spiritual
foundations that are large enough, solid enough, and have the visionary
potential to give stability and guidance to the new age that is struggling to be
born. I believe The Urantia Book has the greatest potential for serving in this capacity
of any philosophical-religious resource now available to our society.
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